- Title: EAST – Four simple ways to apply behavioural insights
- Authors: Behavioural Insights Team
- Access the original paper here
- Listen to a deep-dive podcast:
Paper summary
The EAST Framework, developed by the Behavioural Insights Team, aims to make behavioural change easier by focusing on four key principles: Make it Easy, Make it Attractive, Make it Social, and Make it Timely. The framework provides a practical approach for policymakers to influence behaviour by reducing friction, appealing to human motivations, leveraging social influences, and timing interventions appropriately. The document outlines the rationale behind these principles, providing numerous examples and real-world case studies of interventions that effectively apply EAST. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding context, conducting rigorous testing through randomized controlled trials, and continuously learning and adapting interventions based on the results.
What are the key implications for teachers in the classroom?
Here are some key implications for teachers in the classroom, based on the EAST framework:
Make it Easy
- Harness the power of defaults. Teachers can encourage desired behaviours by making them the default option in the classroom. For example, if students are expected to come to class prepared with their materials, the teacher could arrange the classroom so that the necessary materials are readily available upon entry. This would make it easier for students to be prepared and reduce the effort required.
- Reduce the hassle factor. Streamlining classroom procedures and instructions can make it easier for students to engage in learning. For example, teachers can simplify assignments, provide clear rubrics, and organize materials in a user-friendly manner.
- Simplify messages. Teachers should strive for clear and concise communication with their students. Instructions should be straightforward, and expectations should be clearly stated. Complex concepts can be broken down into smaller, more digestible chunks, making them easier for students to grasp.
Make it Attractive
- Attract attention. Teachers can make learning more engaging by incorporating elements that capture students’ attention, such as visuals, games, and hands-on activities.
- Design rewards and sanctions for maximum effect. While traditional rewards and punishments have their place, teachers can explore alternative approaches. For example, they could implement a class-wide point system or a lottery-based reward system. Non-financial incentives, such as praise, recognition, and opportunities for leadership, can also be highly motivating.
- Personalize learning. Tailoring instruction to individual student needs and interests can significantly enhance engagement. Teachers can use student data, such as learning styles and preferences, to create personalized learning experiences.
Make it Social
- Show that most students perform the desired behaviour. Teachers can highlight positive classroom norms by emphasizing the high percentage of students who exhibit desired behaviours, such as completing assignments on time or participating actively in discussions.
- Use the power of networks. Encourage collaboration and peer learning through group projects, discussions, and peer feedback activities. Teachers can also facilitate connections between students with shared interests.
- Encourage students to make commitments to others. Public commitments can be a powerful motivator. For example, students could make commitments to their classmates or parents regarding their academic goals.
Make it Timely
- Prompt students when they are likely to be most receptive. Teachers should consider the optimal timing for delivering instructions, feedback, and interventions. For example, providing feedback shortly after an assignment is completed is more likely to be effective than delayed feedback.
- Consider the immediate costs and benefits. Teachers can help students connect their current efforts to future rewards. For example, they could emphasize the benefits of studying diligently for an upcoming test.
- Help students plan their response to events. Encourage students to set goals, break down tasks, and create action plans. Teachers can provide guidance on effective planning strategies and help students anticipate potential obstacles.
By applying the EAST framework principles, teachers can create a classroom environment that promotes positive behaviours, enhances student engagement, and improves learning outcomes.
Quote
The lesson that comes through strongest from the behavioral literature and our own work is that small, seemingly irrelevant details that make a task more challenging or effortful (what we call ‘friction costs’) can make the difference between doing something and putting it off – sometimes indefinitely.
